Splinternet: How Geopolitics is Fracturing Cyberspace
Today, the CCP has been able to develop a Chinese Internet, with its 3 macro layers, and its own worldview.
However, China is not the only power to have embarked on a project of this scale. Iran, too, has developed its own structures to have an Internet cut off from the world. And recently, Russia seems to be moving in the same direction, as Kévin Limonier, a Russian-speaking cyberspace specialist, notes. The Russian network was connected to the global Internet, but, according to Limonier, Putin is gradually developing the idea of informational sovereignty4. This can be seen in various pieces of legislation issued by the Kremlin over the past decade. The law “On the creation of a sovereign Internet”5, adopted in November 2019, is the most significant with regard to the Splinternet. This 100% Russian internet has been named the RuNet.