Internet Resilience Index
For people to experience the full benefits of access, the Internet itself needs to be able to adapt to challenges. The Pulse Internet Resilience Index (IRI) tracks a range of indicators and assigns a weighted score for each country, measured out of 100. It’s a holistic score that measures how well an Internet connection can withstand things like sudden changes in Internet traffic, suspicious activity, or unexpected outages.
We've made some significant changes to how we calculate the IRI. See our release note [12 November 2025] for details.
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Infrastructure
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Physical infrastructure for Internet connectivity exists, and is available.
45 / 100global average -
Market Readiness
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The ability of the market to offer affordable prices to consumers by maintaining diversity and competition.
51 / 100global average -
Performance
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Consumers have seamless and reliable Internet services.
60 / 100global average -
Security
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Technologies and best practices support a network’s ability to resist disruptions.
60 / 100global average
Internet Resilience Score
- Europe
- 69 / 100
- Infrastructure 72
- Market Readiness 68
- Performance 69
- Security 68
- Southern Europe
- 62 / 100
- Infrastructure 57
- Market Readiness 60
- Performance 69
- Security 63
Italy
70 / 100
The Internet in Italy is more resilient on average than other countries in Southern Europe, and is about average for Europe. It ranks 1st in Southern Europe for infrastructure, a category that evaluates the availability of infrastructure for Internet connectivity. It ranks 38th in Europe for performance, a category that evaluates how well the network provides seamless and reliable Internet services to consumers.
- Infrastructure 81
- Market Readiness 77
- Performance 60
- Security 63
Infrastructure
81
Physical infrastructure for Internet connectivity exists, and is available.
Enabling infrastructure 69
Data center coverage 39
Score measured based on data centers per 10 million population. Source: Data Center Map
Internet Exchange Point (IXP) coverage 100
Shows how well large population centers (defined as more than 300,000 people) are served by IXPs. Sources: Packet Clearing House (PCH), Peering DB
Mobile connectivity 92
Network coverage 99
Country has mobile network coverage (includes 2G, 3G, and 4G). Source: Composite score provided by GSMA
Spectrum allocation 76
Mobile operators have access to spectrum that allows them to offer sufficient services to customers.
Market readiness
77
The ability of the market to offer affordable prices to consumers by maintaining diversity and competition.
Market structure 87
Affordability 92
Measures the affordability of Internet connectivity for consumers. Source: ITU, A4AI
Upstream provider diversity 79
Uses the GINI Coefficient to measure the level of inequality when it comes to dependency on upstream connections. Source: Internet Initiative Japan (IIJ)
Market competition 88
Calculates the level of competition in the market. This uses the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI). Source: APNIC
Traffic localization 68
Domain count 72
Domains registered using ccTLD. Source: DomainTools
E-Government Development Index Score 83
Score on the United Nations E-Government Development Index (EGDI), which measures readiness for providing digital public services. Source: United Nations
Peering efficiency 54
RScore that uses the ratio of networks that peer at Internet Exchange Points (IXPs), compared with the total number of networks in a country. Sources: Packet Clearing House (PCH), PeeringDB
Performance
60
How well the network provides seamless and reliable Internet services to consumers.
Fixed networks 70
Download speeds 77
Download speeds, measured by Ookla speed tests. Source: Ookla
Consistency 73
This measures the network jitter, which shows consistency of speed and performance across networks. Source: Ookla
Responsiveness 75
Measures how quickly content reaches a user. A connection that's responsive is low in latency or lag. Source: Ookla
Upload speeds 59
Upload speeds, measured by Ookla speed tests. Source: Ookla
Mobile networks 53
Download speeds 65
Download speeds, measured by Ookla speed tests. Source: Ookla
Consistency 50
This measures the network jitter, which shows consistency of speed and performance across networks. Source: Ookla
Responsiveness 52
Measures how quickly content reaches a user. A connection that's responsive is low in latency or lag. Source: Ookla
Upload speeds 42
Upload speeds, measured by Ookla speed tests. Source: Ookla
Security
63
Technologies and best practices support a network’s ability to resist disruptions.
Domain name system (DNS) security 63
DNSSEC adoption 100
Shows whether the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) using the extra layer of security known as DNSSEC. Source: ICANN
DNSSEC validation 26
A score showing how well DNS queries are protected by DNSSEC, across all web traffic. Source: APNIC
Enabling technologies 64
HTTPS adoption 82
Web pageloads that use HTTPS. Source: Mozilla
IPv6 adoption 21
Users can access online resources using IPv6, the new generation of the Internet Protocol. Sources: Akamai, Facebook, Google, APNIC
Routing hygiene 63
MANRS score 71
An overall score that measures routing security in a country's networks. Source: MANRS Observatory
Upstream connections 55
Shows how well a country's networks are connected with upstream providers. Source: CAIDA
Security threat 63
DDoS protection 0
Level of protection across networks, preventing DDoS attacks against another country's networks. Source: Cybergreen
Global Cybersecurity Index Score 100
Estimates the ability of a country or economy to prevent and manage cyber incidents. Source: ITU
Secure Internet servers 78
Number of secure Internet servers per 1 million population. Source: World Bank
About the Internet Resilience Index
The Pulse Internet Resilience Index (IRI) draws from a range of data sources, to track some of the key building blocks that underpin the Internet. The IRI enables comparison between countries, regions, and sub-regions, with a balanced set of metrics that accounts for the Internet’s complex ecosystem and varied landscape.
Each country is assigned an Internet Resilience Score, calculated out of 100. It reflects four broad pillars, each representing a range of different components that contribute to the overall resilience of the Internet. Scores are weighted, so a drop or a rise in one indicator can mean an improvement in this country, or that others are over- or under-performing in that area.
Learn more about how we choose indicators and data sources, and about our weighting scheme and aggregation method in the IRI methodology.
Our definition of Internet resilience
A resilient Internet connection is one that can maintain an acceptable level of service in the face of faults and challenges to normal operation. These challenges may include sudden changes in Internet traffic, suspicious activity, unexpected outages, and more.
Origins of the IRI
The Internet Resilience Index developed out of the Measuring Internet Resilience in Africa (MIRA) project. It uses best practices according to the EU-JRC and the OECD Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators and the same methodology as currently existing indices such as the GSMA Mobile Connectivity Index, the Facebook/EIU Inclusive Internet Index and the Web Foundation Web Index.
API Access
You can access the data underpinning the Internet Resilience Index via our API.