Internet Resilience Index
For people to experience the full benefits of access, the Internet itself needs to be able to adapt to challenges. The Pulse Internet Resilience Index (IRI) tracks a range of indicators and assigns a weighted score for each country, measured out of 100. It’s a holistic score that measures how well an Internet connection can withstand things like sudden changes in Internet traffic, suspicious activity, or unexpected outages.
We've made some significant changes to how we calculate the IRI. See our release note [12 November 2025] for details.
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Infrastructure
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Physical infrastructure for Internet connectivity exists, and is available.
45 / 100global average -
Market Readiness
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The ability of the market to offer affordable prices to consumers by maintaining diversity and competition.
51 / 100global average -
Performance
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Consumers have seamless and reliable Internet services.
60 / 100global average -
Security
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Technologies and best practices support a network’s ability to resist disruptions.
60 / 100global average
Internet Resilience Score
- Europe
- 69 / 100
- Infrastructure 72
- Market Readiness 68
- Performance 69
- Security 68
- Northern Europe
- 78 / 100
- Infrastructure 92
- Market Readiness 74
- Performance 71
- Security 75
United Kingdom
73 / 100
The Internet in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is less resilient on average than other countries in Northern Europe, and is high for Europe. It ranks 2nd in Northern Europe for market readiness, a category that evaluates the overall competitiveness of the market, and the ability to offer affordable prices to consumers. It ranks 39th in Europe for performance, a category that evaluates how well the network provides seamless and reliable Internet services to consumers.
View country report for United Kingdom
- Infrastructure 92
- Market Readiness 77
- Performance 58
- Security 66
Infrastructure
92
Physical infrastructure for Internet connectivity exists, and is available.
Enabling infrastructure 89
Data center coverage 79
Score measured based on data centers per 10 million population. Source: Data Center Map
Internet Exchange Point (IXP) coverage 100
Shows how well large population centers (defined as more than 300,000 people) are served by IXPs. Sources: Packet Clearing House (PCH), Peering DB
Mobile connectivity 94
Network coverage 95
Country has mobile network coverage (includes 2G, 3G, and 4G). Source: Composite score provided by GSMA
Spectrum allocation 92
Mobile operators have access to spectrum that allows them to offer sufficient services to customers.
Market readiness
77
The ability of the market to offer affordable prices to consumers by maintaining diversity and competition.
Market structure 83
Affordability 95
Measures the affordability of Internet connectivity for consumers. Source: ITU, A4AI
Upstream provider diversity 67
Uses the GINI Coefficient to measure the level of inequality when it comes to dependency on upstream connections. Source: Internet Initiative Japan (IIJ)
Market competition 86
Calculates the level of competition in the market. This uses the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI). Source: APNIC
Traffic localization 71
Domain count 100
Domains registered using ccTLD. Source: DomainTools
E-Government Development Index Score 97
Score on the United Nations E-Government Development Index (EGDI), which measures readiness for providing digital public services. Source: United Nations
Peering efficiency 30
RScore that uses the ratio of networks that peer at Internet Exchange Points (IXPs), compared with the total number of networks in a country. Sources: Packet Clearing House (PCH), PeeringDB
Performance
58
How well the network provides seamless and reliable Internet services to consumers.
Fixed networks 71
Download speeds 83
Download speeds, measured by Ookla speed tests. Source: Ookla
Consistency 66
This measures the network jitter, which shows consistency of speed and performance across networks. Source: Ookla
Responsiveness 72
Measures how quickly content reaches a user. A connection that's responsive is low in latency or lag. Source: Ookla
Upload speeds 63
Upload speeds, measured by Ookla speed tests. Source: Ookla
Mobile networks 49
Download speeds 65
Download speeds, measured by Ookla speed tests. Source: Ookla
Consistency 45
This measures the network jitter, which shows consistency of speed and performance across networks. Source: Ookla
Responsiveness 52
Measures how quickly content reaches a user. A connection that's responsive is low in latency or lag. Source: Ookla
Upload speeds 32
Upload speeds, measured by Ookla speed tests. Source: Ookla
Security
66
Technologies and best practices support a network’s ability to resist disruptions.
Domain name system (DNS) security 58
DNSSEC adoption 100
Shows whether the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) using the extra layer of security known as DNSSEC. Source: ICANN
DNSSEC validation 16
A score showing how well DNS queries are protected by DNSSEC, across all web traffic. Source: APNIC
Enabling technologies 83
HTTPS adoption 93
Web pageloads that use HTTPS. Source: Mozilla
IPv6 adoption 59
Users can access online resources using IPv6, the new generation of the Internet Protocol. Sources: Akamai, Facebook, Google, APNIC
Routing hygiene 65
MANRS score 65
An overall score that measures routing security in a country's networks. Source: MANRS Observatory
Upstream connections 64
Shows how well a country's networks are connected with upstream providers. Source: CAIDA
Security threat 65
DDoS protection 0
Level of protection across networks, preventing DDoS attacks against another country's networks. Source: Cybergreen
Global Cybersecurity Index Score 100
Estimates the ability of a country or economy to prevent and manage cyber incidents. Source: ITU
Secure Internet servers 84
Number of secure Internet servers per 1 million population. Source: World Bank
About the Internet Resilience Index
The Pulse Internet Resilience Index (IRI) draws from a range of data sources, to track some of the key building blocks that underpin the Internet. The IRI enables comparison between countries, regions, and sub-regions, with a balanced set of metrics that accounts for the Internet’s complex ecosystem and varied landscape.
Each country is assigned an Internet Resilience Score, calculated out of 100. It reflects four broad pillars, each representing a range of different components that contribute to the overall resilience of the Internet. Scores are weighted, so a drop or a rise in one indicator can mean an improvement in this country, or that others are over- or under-performing in that area.
Learn more about how we choose indicators and data sources, and about our weighting scheme and aggregation method in the IRI methodology.
Our definition of Internet resilience
A resilient Internet connection is one that can maintain an acceptable level of service in the face of faults and challenges to normal operation. These challenges may include sudden changes in Internet traffic, suspicious activity, unexpected outages, and more.
Origins of the IRI
The Internet Resilience Index developed out of the Measuring Internet Resilience in Africa (MIRA) project. It uses best practices according to the EU-JRC and the OECD Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators and the same methodology as currently existing indices such as the GSMA Mobile Connectivity Index, the Facebook/EIU Inclusive Internet Index and the Web Foundation Web Index.
API Access
You can access the data underpinning the Internet Resilience Index via our API.